Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak: 6 Vital safety tips to protect yourself

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GBS is a rare neurological condition in which the immune system attacks the peripheral nervous system, causing tingling, numbness, pain, and muscle weakness. This autoimmune disease is not contagious, but outbreaks often follow viral or bacterial infections such as the Zika virus, Campylobacter jejuni, or influenza.

History

     

  • Pune, India
    In January 2025, an outbreak of GBS occurred in Pune, Maharashtra. The outbreak was traced to contaminated water from the Khadakwasla dam.
    French Polynesia
    In 2013–2014, there were higher incidences of GBS due to the Zika virus.
  • Latin America and the Caribbean
    In 2015–2016, there were higher incidences of GBS due to the Zika virus.
          Peru
         In 2019, there was an outbreak of GBS with over 683 cases.  

Symptoms

Guillain-Barre syndrome – Symptoms and causes mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org › … › Diseases & Conditions

  • Guillain-Barre syndrome starts with pins and needles in lower limb
  • Muscle weakness in the legs spreads to the upper body
  • Difficulty with eye muscles unable to move or double vision
  • Difficulty swallowing, speaking, or chewing
  • Pain that can be severe, particularly at night
  • Unable to walk or climb stairs
  • Trouble breathing
  • Bladder and bowel dysfunction
  • Increased heart rate

   

How to stay safe in GBS outbreak: 6 tips

Here are 6 tips to protect you and your loved ones from Guillain-Barré Syndrome in its outbreak.

 

1. Understand the Causes and Risk Factors

GBS outbreaks are related to infections that trigger the immune response the most common triggers included:

  • Zika virus [transmitted by mosquitoes].
  • Campylobacter jejuni [found in contaminated water].
  • Influenza and other respiratory infections.
  • COVID -19.

2. Prevent Mosquito-Borne Diseases

If the GBS outbreak is linked to the Zika virus, follow these steps :

  • Use insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or lemon eucalyptus oil.
  • Wear long sleeves and pants to reduce mosquito bites.
  • Use mosquito nets. 
  • Eliminate standing water to avoid mosquito breeding.

3. Practice Food and Water Safety

To avoid Campylobacter infection, the common GBS trigger :

  • Drink only boiled water or purified water.
  • Avoid raw or undercooked poultry and meat.
  • Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
  • Ensure proper food hygiene while cooking and dining out.

4. Prevent Respiratory Infections

Many GBS cases are linked to viral infections like COVID-19 and flu protect yourself by:

  • Washing hands frequently with soap and water.
  • Wearing a mask in crowded areas.
  • Avoid close contact with sick individuals.
  • Getting vaccinated against flu and COVID-19 if available.

5. Follow Public Health Advisories

  • Stay informed about outbreak updates from health authorities.
  • Follow travel advisories if outbreaks are linked to a particular region.
  • Avoid high-risk areas especially if you have a weakened immune system.

6. Recognize Early Symptoms of GBS and Seek Medical Attention Promptly

If you or someone near you develops the following early symptoms, seek medical help immediately:

  • Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet.
  • Weakness in the leg spreads ascendingly to the arms
  • Difficulty in walking and balancing 
  • Facial weakness or trouble swallowing 
  • Severe muscle pain
  • Breathing difficulties [in severe cases]

Early medical intervention can reduce complications and lead to better outcomes.

While Guillain-Barré Syndrome is rare, being in an outbreak area means taking extra care. You can protect yourself and others by preventing infections, recognizing early symptoms, and seeking medical help. Stay informed, practice good hygiene, and prioritize your health.

 

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